August 10, 2012

1. From Suzuki, "An ecosystem is a complex community of producers, consumers, eaters; eaten 2. Which of the following lists gives the correct sequence of trophic levels in a food chain? Both A and B are correct. 3. Which of the following is true of generalists and specialists? A generalist can eat many different types of food 4. Plants on the floor of a rain forest often have very dark-green leaves. This coloration is large; very limited 5. The study of the spatial aspects of ecology and the distribution of plants and animals is called. biogeography 6. The principal natural soil-forming factors.Both A and B are related soil forming factors 7. Soil consistency refers to.the soil's resistance to breaking and manipulation under different moisture conditions. 8. Texture refers to soil particle size; the aggregation of soil particles into "dirt clods" 9. The A horizon is usually ________ darker than; it contains humus. 10. . Which of the following soil horizon designations is to bedrock?O, A, E, B, C, R 11. The basic soil unit used in preparing soils maps, i.e., in identifying a series of soils in an area, is the polypedon 12. The science that deals with the origin, classification, and distribution of soils is known as ________, whereas the science that deals with soil as a medium for plant growth is called ________.pedology; edaphology 13. As with many areas of interest to geographers, soil science is a/n ________ concerned with ________.multidisciplinary subject; spatial distributions and processes 14. Which of the following is false? Fertilizers can maintain soil fertility and productivity into the distant future-even if the soil is eroding. 15. The science that specifically studies the origin, evolution, form, and spatial distribution of landforms is geomorphology 16. The dynamic equilibrium model refers to a balancing act between tectonic uplift and rates of reduction in a given landscape. 17. If you wanted to build a structure along a river-especially one that flows through unconsolidated above the point bar 18. . If you journeyed to the headwaters of the Rio Grande River in New Mexico, you would find that abrasion 19. As a stream's carrying capacity clay 20. Which of the following lists of processes are in the correct sequence as to their weathering, erosion, transport, deposition 21. If Earth did not experience endogenic processes, the landscape would be of very low relief as a result of weathering and erosion in the absence of uplift. 22. Which of the following are the principal active agents involved in chemical weathering? water, oxygen, carbon dioxide 23. In the Andes Mountains of South America, entire towns of thousands of people have been debris avalanche 24. Fault types are defined by the relative motion of the hanging wall and footwall. 25. Which of the following gives the correct sequence of layers in Earth, from the surface to the center? crust, aesthenosphere, lower mantle, core 26. Explosive eruptions tend to build up composite volcanoes. 27. High mountains consisting of tightly folded and overthrust sedimentary rock layers, as well as metamorphic rocks, are formed during plate collisions. 28. Effusive eruptions are not related to which of the following? magma with a 50-75 percent silica content, high in aluminum 29. Which river in the world has the largest discharge? The Yangtze 30. When you build sand castle in the beach you like to use wet sand rather than dry sand: wet sand has greater cohesiveness and angle repose 31. A principal methodology governing geographic: the answer contains spatial 32. The smaller the scale of a map, the larger the area covered and less detailed. 33. GIS is being used: all of the above 34. world of interconnectedness, every action has a consequence 35. Example of endogenic: volcano 36. Example of exdogenic: weather 37. Our planet is powered by radiant energy from the Sun 38. 39. Rivers in the east side of the Rockies Mountain drain in to : Mexico Gulf/ Atlantic 39. 40. which of the following best describes the current emphasis in the field of physical geography? 40. understanding how Earth's systems interact to produce natural phenomena 41. 41. which of the following most accurately characterizes the goal of geography? 42. understanding why a place has the characteristics that it does 43. 42. Geography is described as? 44. a spatial science 45. 43. the shape of Earth's surface results from? 46. 44. tectonic forces... 47. 45. which of the following is true regarding the geologic time scale? 48. geographic localities 49. 46. which of the following lists the correct sequence of divisions in the geologic time scale, from largest to smallest? 50. eon, era, period, epoch 51. 47. when geologists or archaeologists dig downward into a unit of rock or sediment, they are digging back in time. This fact is based on the principle of superposition 52. 48. which of the following statements about Earth's core is false? 53. The inner core is believed to be liquid and the outer core solid consider beach environment with large, powerful waves breaking... Answer: the one with the word "clay" 54. the presence of 180-million-year-old salt domes in the Gulf Coast region of the US indicates that 55. a sea used to cover the area but subsequently evaporated 56. the dramatic domes and arch-shaped features found in granitic mountain masses result from 57. pressure-release jointing, exfoliation, and sheeting the engineers who built the Vaiont Reservoir in Italy should have anticipated the possibility of located had translational slide the degration of a landscape by weathering, erosion, and transportation has an ultimate "goal"of reducing the landscape down to base level, namely sea level